The coronavirus is known to worsen the symptoms of those with underlying conditions such as chronic pulmonary disease, which is a chronic lung condition that causes shortness of breath. Shortness of breath is commonly caused by asthma, pneumonia, bronchitis, COPD, lung cancer, pulmonary embolism, allergic reaction, and inhalation injury. This feeling of breathlessness can occur either when the person is sitting or standing, or when a person is performing a moderate exercise or walking. 

COPD Symptoms

Shortness of breath in relation to COPD can vary in intensity and is usually episodic. Many of the symptoms of the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease develop slowly and months can pass before the individual even notices the unusual symptoms. Gradually, more advanced and severe symptoms start to appear. The lungs have already been damaged by the time a person realizes the reason behind their symptoms.

A chronic cough is the first symptom of COPD and is typically seen in people who smoke. Individuals may also develop wheezing, similar to when they have asthma, a tightening feeling on their chest, coupled with breathlessness while exercising. Having shortness of breath increases the chances of a fatal outcome in people with this condition. That is why it is important to monitor your symptoms and get medical attention if they are significantly worsening. 

Shortness of breath can be described as:

• Feeling desperate for air
• Gasping for air 
• Chest heaviness 
• Additional effort is needed to breathe

Lung Condition

When the airways in the lungs become swollen, inflamed, and damaged, they will constrict, making it difficult for someone with this condition to breathe. The airways are tubes that carry air to and from the lungs through the nose and mouth. In a healthy individual, the airways and air sacs are elastic, they return to the original form and shape after being filled with air and stretched. 

The air sacs in people with COPD are unable to return to their original shape. The airways can become swollen and thicker than normal, and there will be an increase in mucus production. As a result, the airways become obstructed or blocked, making it more difficult to get the air out of the lungs. Therefore, making it more difficult to breathe. 

Managing Shortness of Breath

Shortness of breath usually occurs during physical exertion such as going upstairs or performing physical exercise. It can cause difficulty in performing routine daily tasks, including doing household chores, walking, dressing, or bathing. Severe shortness of breath can even occur while a person is resting. Anyone suffering from this condition should avoid physical activities and exercises that can aggravate their symptoms. 

These symptoms can be very uncomfortable and can cause anxiety for people who worry about their ability to live a normal life. People may panic when experiencing moderate symptoms, especially if they are in public when this happens. They may also experience a lack of quality sleep, loss of appetite, and depression.

You can manage minor symptoms of shortness of breath at home. For advice and discussing treatment options, you should call your primary care physician and continue contact with them if your symptoms worsen. However, if you are experiencing severe symptoms of shortness of breath, please get immediate medical attention.